Physical Chemistry

Developer's DescriptionBy RK TechnologiesThe text is still divided into three parts...The text is still divided into three parts:Part 1 of the text develops the concepts that are needed for the discussion ofequilibria in chemistry. Equilibria include physical change, such as fusion andvaporization, and chemical change, including electrochemistry. The discussion isin terms of thermodynamics, and particularly in terms of enthalpy and entropy.We see that we can obtain a unied view of equilibrium and the direction ofspontaneous change in terms of the chemical potentials of substances. Thechapters in Part 1 deal with the bulk properties of matter.In Part 2 (Structure) the chapters have been updated with a discussion of contemporary techniques of materials scienceincluding nano-science and spectroscopy. We have also paid more attention to computational chemistry, and have revised the coverage of this topic in Chapter 10.Part 3 has lost chapters dedicated to kinetics of complex reactions and surface processes, but not the material, which we regard as highly important in a contemporary context. To make the material more readily accessible within the context of courses, descriptions of polymerization, photo chemistry, and enzyme- and surface-catalysed reactions are now part of Chapters 21 (The rates of chemical reactions) and 22 (Reaction dynamics)already familiar to readers of the textand a new chapter, Chapter 23, on Catalysis.1. The properties of gases1.1 The states of gases1.2 The gas laws1.3 Molecular interactions1.4 The van der Waals equation2. The First Law2.1 Work, heat, and energy2.2 The internal energy2.3 Expansion work2.4 Heat transactions2.5 Enthalpy2.6 Adiabatic changes2.7 Standard enthalpy changes2.8 Standard enthalpies of formation2.9 The temperature dependence of reaction enthalpies2.10 Exact and inexact differentials2.11 Changes in internal energy2.12 The JouleThomson effect3. The Second Law3.1 The dispersal of energy3.2 Entropy3.3 Entropy changes accompanying specic processes3.4 The Third Law of thermodynamics3.5 The Helmholtz and Gibbs energies3.6 Standard molar Gibbs energies3.7 The fundamental equation3.8 Properties of the internal energy3.9 Properties of the Gibbs energy4. Physical transformations of pure substances4.1 The stabilities of phases4.2 Phase boundaries4.3 Three representative phase diagrams4.4 The dependence of stability on the conditions4.5 The location of phase boundaries4.6 The Ehrenfest classication of phase transitions5. Simple mixtures5.1 Partial molar quantities5.2 The thermodynamics of mixing5.3 The chemical potentials of liquids5.4 Liquid mixtures5.5 Colligative properties6. Chemical equilibrium6.1 The Gibbs energy minimum6.2 The description of equilibrium6.3 How equilibria respond to changes of pressure6.4 The response of equilibria to changes of temperature6.5 Half-reactions and electrodes6.6 Varieties of cells6.7 The cell potential6.8 Standard electrode potentials6.9 Applications of standard potentials7. Quantum theory: introduction and principles>Mathematical background 3: Complex numbers8. Quantum theory: techniques and applications>Mathematical background 4: Differential equations9. Atomic structure and spectra>Mathematical background 5: Vectors10. Molecular structure>Mathematical background 6: Matrices11. Molecular symmetry12. Molecular spectroscopy 1: rotational and vibrational spectra13. Molecular spectroscopy 2: electronic transitions14. Molecular spectroscopy 3: magnetic resonance15. Statistical thermodynamics 1: the concepts16. Statistical thermodynamics 2: applications17. Molecular interactions18. Materials 1: macromolecules and self-assembly19. Materials 2: solids20. Molecules in motion21. The rates of chemical reactions22. Reaction dynamics23. CatalysisKey features:Checklist of key equationsDiscussion questionsExercisesProblems